Chemistry

This is a lab-oriented course designed to acquaint the student with concepts in general and organic chemistry. Topics include: atomic structure, radioactivity, fundamentals of quantum theory, principles of chemical bonding, the mole and stoichiometry, oxidation/reduction, the nature of solutions, acid-base theory and electrochemistry.The use of integrated computer application, including the use the Internet, is taught and incorporated into laboratory data analysis. Other media and outside reading are used to raise critical awareness of the role of science in the world today.The course is required of all students planning to apply to a four-year college, school of nursing of allied health fields.
Textbook:Chemistry The Study of Matter by Dorin, Prentice Hall, 1989
Recommended Calculator Scientific Calculator (TI 30 or better)

COMPETENCY GOAL 1: The learner will apply the concepts of SEP science to chemistry. Objectives:

• Understand the reason scientific investigation and the kind of methodology use in problem solving.
• Apply the mathematical tools needed for chemistry.
• Identify substances using their physical properties.
• Analyze the law of conservation of mass and apply it to chemical changes.

COMPETENCY GOAL 2: The learner will build an understanding of energy changes in chemistry. Objectives:

• Analyze the law of conservation of energy, energy transformation, and various forms of energy involved in chemical reactions.
• Compare and contrast the nature of heat and temperature.
• Analyze calorimetric measurement in simple systems and the energy involved in changes in state.

COMPETENCY GOAL 3: The learner will build an understanding of the structure and properties of matter. Objectives:

• Summarize the development of current atomic theory:
• In an historic approach the developments and discoveries of the nature of elements and atomic structure is investigated.
• Examine the nature of atomic structure:
• Apply the language and symbols of chemistry. Understand the empirical drive to a more sophisticated atomic model.
• Observe and interpret changes (emission/absorption) in electron energies in the hydrogen atom including the quantized levels and their relationship to atomic spectra.
• Analyze and explain the nature and behavior of the atomic nucleus including radioactive isotopes and their practical application.

COMPETENCY GOAL 4: The learner will build an understanding of regularities and patterns in chemistry. Objectives:

• Analyze the structure of the periodic table.
• Compare the historical and current periodic table design. Investigate and classify the structure of the current periodic table. Understand it structure based on quantum theoretical formulas (electron configuration).
• Analyze periodic nature of trends in chemical properties and examine the use of the Periodic Table to predict properties of elements:
• Symbols.
• Groups (families).
• Periods.
• Transition elements.
• Ionization energy.
• Atomic and ionic radii.
• Electronegativity.

COMPETENCY GOAL 5: The learner will build an understanding of the quantitative relationships in chemical reactions. Objectives:

• Analyze the mole concept and Avogadro's number and use them to calculate:
• Mole to molecule.
• Mass to moles.
• Volume of a gas to moles.
• Molarity of solutions.
• Identify various types of chemical equations and balance those equations:
• Single replacement.
• Double replacement.
• Decomposition.
• Synthesis.
• Combustion.
• Calculate quantitative relationships in chemical reactions (stoichiometry)
• Identify the indicators of chemical change:
• Formation of a precipitate.
• Evolution of a gas.
• Color change.
• Absorption or release of heat.
• Track the transfer of electrons in oxidation/reduction reactions and assign oxidation numbers:
• Identify the oxidizing and reducing agents.
• Assess practical applications of oxidation and reduction reactions.

COMPETENCY GOAL 6:The learner will build an understanding of equilibrium and kinetics. Objectives:

• Explain the dynamics of physical and chemical equilibria:
• Phase changes.
• Forward and reversible reactions.
• Explain the factors that alter the equilibrium in a chemical reaction.
• Compare and contrast the nature, behavior, concentration, and strength of acids and bases:
• Acid-base neutralization.
• Degree of dissociation or ionization.
• Electrical conductivity.
• pH.

COMPETENCY GOAL 7:Introduction to organic chemistry; the learner will obtain an understanding of the nature and origin of organic chemistry. Objectives:

• Explain the history of organic chemistry:
• Carbon compounds are found naturally, but are in the vast majority made synthetically.
• Allotropic forms of carbon.
• Petroleum and its products.
• Properties of organic compounds.
• Compare and contrast the structure organic compounds:
• hydrocarbons - saturated and unsaturated.
• Homologous series.
• Straight, branched, cyclic and aromatic compounds.
• Substitution/Functional groups.
• Molecular/structural formulas.
• Isomers.
• Societal issues of the use of petroleum based organic compounds:
• To burn of to build?
• Environmental issues.

Technology Learning Outcomes:
The student can

• Import/export digital images.
• Create a graphic and move to another document.
• Incorporate prerecorded sounds into a presentation.
• Record sounds and incorporate them into a presentation.
• Recognize the most appropriate graph type to use to display data.
• Modify the display properties of a graph.
• Explain the difference between a worksheet and a workbook.
• Add and modify cell(s) shading and borders.
• Alter a chart’s/graph’s legend.
• Enter addition, subtraction, multiplication and division formulas.
• Develop a project using a variety of printed and online resources.
• Conduct an experiment/do research and determine the best way to present data.